The beginning of the outbreak of the Syrian crisis coincided with the decision of the US government to withdraw from Iraq in 2011, which was considered an indicator of the US administration's tendencies to withdraw from the Middle East and move towards the Pacific Ocean and the China Sea in light of international competition with China, which threatens to create a regional and international vacuum in the most important strategic region in the world, and as a result, tensions escalated in the region for dominance and influence between its poles, which may turn it into a volcano that may explode at any moment.

China found in this withdrawal a great opportunity presented by the American administration on a plate, to strengthen its influence in this vital region of the world, which it aspires to reach in order to secure energy sources as well as ensure a market for the discharge of its products, and the location of this region is in line with China's orientations and its quest to be a major player in the international system by working to change the balance of power with some of its allies and reduce American influence at least in this important region of the world.

China felt that its economic interests became threatened after the so-called Arab Spring and the change of governments with which it had alliances and strategic relations, and governments with loyalties to the United States and Western countries came to the fore and began to exclude Chinese and Russian companies from participating in the reconstruction of these countries, especially in Libya and Egypt.

At that time, the Syrian crisis was looming on the horizon and foreshadowing new directions for the region and the siege of the remaining Russian and Chinese interests by the United States and its Western allies and some countries in the region that have strategic alliances with the United States stretching for dozens of years, and thus this picture posed a great challenge to those two countries (Russia – China).