In modern electoral democracies election is the universal mechanism for the election of representatives by the people. Free and fair elections are the backbone of a strong democratic system. India has become the largest democracy in the world. The strength and resilience of Indian democracy stay behind its free and fair election system and independent and impartial election set up known as Election commission of India (ECI). Certain ideal rules and practices need to be followed, before, during, and after the election, in order to ensure that the election is conducted in a free and fair manner. Despite systemic advancements, several structural issues present formidable challenges to India's electoral apparatus. However, the Election Commission of India has been working persistently to bring about a large number of reforms in the electoral system through various regulatory and institutional measures.